ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᓂᖅ
ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᐊᖏᕈᑎ
ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅᑖᕆᔭᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᖏᕈᑦ (NLCA) ᓴᕿᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ 1993 ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅᑖᕆᔭᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᖏᕈᑕᐅᑉᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᖏᕈᑎᑉ ᐃᓗᐊᓐᓂ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑐᑦ (ᑕᐃᑉᓱᒪᓂ ᓄᓇᑦᓯᐊᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓚᐅᕐᖢᓂ) ᐊᒻᒪ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᒐᕙᒪᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᒪᓕᒃᖢᒍ ᐋᕿᒃᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ 1982ᒥ. ᓄᓇ ᐊᖏᕈᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᑭᓯᐊᓐᓂ “ᐅᓇᓪᓕᓄᑦ ᐱᒋᔭᐅᔪᒃᓴᐅᑕᐅᖏᖢᓂ” ᐊᖏᕈᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᑕᐃᑉᓱᒪᓐᓂ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᓂᖓᓂ 1867ᒥ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑭᒐᖅᑐᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᑐᖓᕕᒃ ᕕᑐᕇᓴᓐᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᖏᕈᑦ ᐱᖑᖅᑎᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ.
ᐊᖏᕈᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᔪᓚᐃ 9, 1993 ᑐᖓᕕᒋᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᓄᑖᒻᒥᒃ ᐊᕕᒃᓯᒪᔪᒻᒥᒃ ᓄᓇᑖᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ, ᒪᓕᒐᖅᑎᒍᑦ ᐋᕿᒃᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐄᐳᕈ 1, 1999. ᑕᒻᓇ ᐊᖏᕈᑦ ᐱᔪᖕᓇᖅᑎᑦᓯᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᑯᑦ ᖄᖏᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᖕᓇᖅᓯᑉᓗᓐᓂ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᒥᒃ ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᐱᖑᖅᑎᑦᓯᓂᕐᒥᒃ, ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᒃᑎᖅᐸᓕᐊᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᖏᕋᑎᑦᓯᑉᓗᓐᓂ.
ᐊᖏᕈᑎᑉ ᐃᓗᐊᓐᓂ, ᐱᔪᖕᓴᕐᓂᖃᕐᕕᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᓂᐅᑉ ᐃᓗᐊᓐᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᒧᖕᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᓅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᓄᑖᒻᒧᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒋᔭᐅᓂᐊᓕᖅᑐᒧᑦ, ᐆᒪᔪᓂᒃ (ᓂᕐᔪᑎᓂᒃ) ᒥᐊᓂᖅᓯᔪᖕᓴᕐᓂᖅ, ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᑐᒐᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᓕᐅᕐᓂᖅ, ᓄᓇᒥᒃ ᐊᑭᓖᑎᑦᓯᔪᖕᓴᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᖄᖓᓂ ᒥᐊᓂᖅᓯᔪᖕᓴᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ. ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᖄᖓᓂᓯᐅᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐱᔪᖕᓴᕐᓂᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᑦ (NSRT), ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᐸᕐᓇᐃᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᒥᓴᓐᖓ (NPC), ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᐊᕙᑎᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᑎᓴᔨᖏᑦ (NIRB) ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᐃᒪᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ (NWB) ᓴᕿᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐊᕕᒃᓯᒪᓂᖓᒍᑦ 10 ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᖏᕈᑎᖓᑕ ᐃᓗᐊᒍᑦ. ᐱᔪᖕᓇᕐᓂᖏᑦ, ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖏᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᐊᕙᑎᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑕ ᐋᕿᒃᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᕕᒃᓯᒪᓂᖓᓂ 12 ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᖏᕈᑎᖓᑕ ᐃᓗᐊᓐᓂ, ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕈᖕᓴᕐᓂᕐᓕ ᐱᔪᖕᓇᓂᖃᕈᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᓚᐅᖃᑕᐅᕐᖢᓂ.
ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᐸᕐᓇᐃᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᒧᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᒥᑦ
ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᐸᕐᓇᐃᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᒧᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᒥᑦ (NuPPAA) ᐱᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐊᖏᖅᑕᐅᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖓᓂ ᔫᓂ 19, 2013-ᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑐᓕᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᔪᓚᐃ 9, 2015−ᒥ. ᐱᖁᔭᖅ ᑖᒻᓇ ᐊᔪᖏᒻᒪᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᑉᓗᓂ, ᐃᔅᓗᐊᖅᑑᑉᓗᓂᓗ “ᐊᑕᐅᓯᐊᕐᓗᓂ ᐃᓕᓯᔪᖕᓇᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᖅ” ᐊᔪᖏᑎᑦᓯᑉᓗᓂᓗ “ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᕐᒥᒃ, ᐊᑕᐅᓯᐊᕐᓗᒍ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓗᒍ” ᐊᑐᒐᐅᔪᖕᓇᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᕐᓄᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕈᑎᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᑕ ᓈᒻᒪᒋᔭᐅᓂᖓᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ.
ᐱᒋᐊᓚᐅᕐᓂᖓ
ᐊᕌᒍᖓᓐᓂ 1993 ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅᑖᕆᔭᐅᓂᖓᑕ ᐊᖏᕈᑎᖓᓄᑦ ᐱᖁᔭᖅ ᐊᑐᓕᖁᔨᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑲᓇᑕᒻᒥ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᐋᕿᒃᓯᖁᑉᓗᒋᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᖕᒥᒃ ᓄᓇᒥᒃ ᒥᐊᓂᖅᓯᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐋᕿᒃᓯᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖑᖅᓯᒪᔪᒃᑯᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅᑎᒍᑦ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᑐᕌᕐᓂᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᕙᑎᐅᑉ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᖏᕈᑎᖓᑕ ᐃᓗᐊᓐᓂ (ᓄᓇᖁᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᒻᒥ) ᐊᒻᒪ ᓯᓚᓪᓕᕐᒥ ᓄᓇᒋᔭᐅᔪᓐᓂ ᓯᑯᑉ ᐃᖏᕋᓂᖓᓐᓂ ᑭᒡᓕᓕᕕᖕᒥ. ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᐃᒪᕐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᐅᑉᓗ ᖄᖓᓂᓯᐅᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᑯᐃᓐᒧᑦ ᐊᖏᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ 2002ᒥ ᐱᓕᕿᐊᖑᔪᓂᒃ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐅᑉᓗᓂ.
ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᕐᓂᒡᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᖁᔭᖅ ᐊᔪᖏᑎᑦᖅᓯᕗᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᔪᖕᓇᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᒃᑐᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ. ᒪᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᐃᓗᐊᓐᓂ ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅᑖᕆᔭᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᖏᕈᑎᖓᓐᓂ, ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᐸᕐᓇᐃᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᒥᓴᓐᖓ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᐊᕙᑎᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ ᓴᕿᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᒃ 1996 ᐊᑐᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐃᓄᓗᒃᑖᓄᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒋᔭᐅᓗᑎᒃ ᑎᒥᖑᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᑉᓗᑎᒃ. ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᑲᔪᓯᑎᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᑎᒥᐅᔪᖕᓂᒃ ᐋᕿᒃᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᕐᖢᓂᓗ ᖃᓄᐃᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖃᕐᓂᐊᕐᒪᖔᓃᒃ.
ᐃᓗᓕᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᕐᓂᒡᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᖁᔭᖅ:
ᐱᖁᔭᖑᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᑐᓂᓯᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ, ᓯᕗᓂᖓᓐᓂ ᐋᕿᒃᑕᐅᓯᒪᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᖏᕈᑎᑉ ᐃᓗᐊᓐᓂ, ᐃᓚᐅᔪᖕᓇᖁᑉᓗᒋᑦ ᒥᐊᓂᖅᓯᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ. ᐅᑯᓂᖓ ᐱᓂᓗᒃᓯᒪᔪᖅ:
- ᑲᔪᓯᑎᑦᓯᓗᓂ ᐃᖏᕋᓂᖓᓐᓂᒃ ᐸᕐᓇᐃᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᕙᑎᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓪᓗ ᑐᑭᖃᑎᐊᖅᑐᒥᒡᓗ ᐅᖃᖅᓯᒪᑎᐊᕐᓗᓂ ᐱᔪᖕᓇᓂᖏᑦ, ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᖏᕋᓂᖏᑦ, ᐃᓚᖃᕐᖢᒍ ᖃᓄᖅ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᐅᔪᑦ ᑎᒃᑯᐊᖅᑕᐅᓱᕐᒪᖔᑖ. ᓇᓗᓇᐃᑎᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᔪᖕᓇᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒡᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᐅᔪᓪᓗ ᐅᖃᖅᓯᒪᓂᐊᖅᐳᖅ;
- ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᓂᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᓇᓕᐊᖑᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐋᕿᒃᓯᓗᓂ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᕙᑎᐅᑉ ᐊᒃᑐᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᑕ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᓴᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐋᕿᐅᒪᑎᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᓯᕗᓂᖓᓂᒡᓗ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᑎᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᕆᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᐸᒍᐊᕐᓗᓐᓂ;
- ᑐᑭᓕᐅᑎᐊᕐᓗᒍ, ᑭᑐᓄᓪᓗ ᑐᑭᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᖕᒪᖔᑦ, ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᑦ ᐋᕿᒃᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᓪᓗ ᐊᑐᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ;
- ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕆᑎᐊᕐᓗᒍ ᖃᓄᖅ ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᐸᕐᓇᐃᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᕙᑎᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓪᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐊᕐᒪᖔᑖ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑐᒃᓯᕋᐅᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᖃᓄᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᓂᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᕐᒧᓪᓗ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᓂᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᒃᑐᐃᓂᖃᕐᓂᐊᕐᒪᖔᑖ ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᐊᖏᐳᑎᑉ ᐃᓗᐊᓐᓂ ᓄᓇᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᑎᒃᑐᐊᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑉ ᓯᓚᑖᓐᓂ ᓯᑯᑉ ᐃᖏᕋᓂᖓᓐᓂ ᑭᒡᓕᓕᕕᐅᔪᒻᒧᑦ;
- ᐊᔾᔨᒌᓕᖅᑐᕐᓗᒋᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᑦ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᑭᒡᓕᓕᕕᖓᑕ ᖄᖏᐅᑎᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓪᓗ ᓄᓇᒋᔭᐅᔪᓐᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᑯᑦ ᑲᑐᔨᖃᑎᒌᒡᓗᓐᓂ, ᐅᔨᖅᑐᕐᓗᓂ ᐱᔪᖕᓇᕐᓂᖃᕈᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥ ᑲᓇᑕᒻᒥᓪᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᕐᒥ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᖏᕈᑎᑉ ᓄᓇᖁᑎᖓᑕ ᓯᓚᑖᓐᓂ ᐊᒃᑐᐃᓂᖃᕈᖕᓴᕐᓂᖅᐸᑕ ᐊᖏᕈᑎᑉ ᓄᓇᖁᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ;
- ᐱᖃᖅᑎᑦᓯᓗᓂ ᐋᕿᒃᓱᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑕ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᑦ ᐃᓄᒥᐊᓄᑦ ᐱᔪᖕᓇᖁᑉᓗᒋᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᑕᒪᐃᑕ ᓇᓂᓯᐅᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᖁᑉᓗᒋᑦ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓂᐊᕐᒪᑕ ᐊᒃᑐᐃᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᓂᐊᖅᑐᑉ ᐊᕙᑎᒻᒥᑦ, ᐃᓅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᕐᒥᒡᓗ;
- ᐋᕿᒃᓯᓗᓐᓂ ᐊᑑᑎᖃᑎᐊᕐᓂᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᒪᓕᒐᕐᓂᒃ ᒪᓕᒃᑎᑦᓯᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐅᔨᑐᖁᑉᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᑐᖁᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᒪᓕᖁᔭᐅᔪᓪᓗ ᐸᕐᓇᐅᑎᓂ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᒃᑐᐃᓂᖏᓐᓂᒡᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕈᑎᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᐅᑎᐊᕐᒪᖔᑖ; ᐊᒻᒪ
ᐲᖅᑎᕆᓗᓐᓂ ᐊᑐᓗᐊᖏᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᒃᑐᐃᓂᐅᔪᑉ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᔪᓯᖓᓐᓂ, ᐱᓗᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᒥᑭᓂᖅᓴᐅᔪᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᓂᐊᖅᑐᓄᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᓕᕆᑉᕕᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᑐᑭᓯᓇᑎᐊᑲᓂᖅᑐᒥᒃ, ᐊᔨᒌᒃᑐᒥᒃ, ᐊᑕᐅᓯᐅᓈᖅᑎᑦᓯᒪᔪᓂᒡᓗ ᒪᓕᒐᒃᓴᓂᒃ, ᐱᕚᓪᓕᖅᑎᑦᓯᔪᖕᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᕘᒻᒥᒃ ᐊᑐᕈᒥᓇᖅᑐᓂᒡᓗ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᒃᑲᓂᕈᖕᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ.